The Connection Between Anxiety and Depression, and the Unique Concerns That Come With It

More research is necessary to find the complete answer to this question. However, there are some current theories.

One suggests anxiety and depression are both responses to stress, and these responses are closely linked and can influence one another. 

Another is that anxiety and depression share many symptoms, such as insomnia and changes in eating habits, allowing them to be diagnosed together frequently. The symptoms of each condition can also be a self-reinforcing cycle. For example, someone who experiences intense social anxiety that keeps them from participating in social situations will likely experience isolation. This often leads to depression, which can cause further insecurity and anxiety.

We also know that anxiety and depression are both influenced by genetic and environmental factors – and often the same factors. One stressful event, such as the loss of a loved one, can cause anxiety in one individual and depression in another. It may also cause both.

As previously mentioned, some symptoms of anxiety and depression overlap. Others are unique to each condition.

Symptoms common to both depression and anxiety include:

• Mood changes and irritability
• Sleep disturbances and fatigue
• Restlessness and feeling on edge
• Trouble with concentration and memory
• Appetite and weight changes

Symptoms that characterize depression are:

• Feeling sad, hopeless, or empty
• Loss of interest in hobbies
• Feelings of guilt and shame
• Suicidal thoughts or ideation

Anxiety disorders may manifest through:

• Persistent nervousness, fear, or sense of impending doom
• Increased heart and respiration rate
• Fixation on a particular concern
• Avoiding situations that trigger anxiety

Anxiety and depression significantly impact people’s relationships and social lives. An individual with anxiety may cancel plans because they fear others judging them. One with depression may stay home due to deep fatigue. Someone experiencing both might stay home due to anxiety, and manage intense feelings of shame and worthlessness in response.

Work performance and participation in hobbies will likely decline. They will probably spend less time with friends and family, and more time alone. They may even spend more time on social media. 

Depression and anxiety are a miserable combination for anyone. Chances of suicidal ideation are higher, and these conditions together are harder to treat than they are individually. Your loved one will require some grace. They will likely be irritable and may have more frequent mood swings and emotional outbursts. While mental health conditions are not excuses for poor behavior, they are explanations for them, and indications that the individual needs help.

If your loved one is managing anxiety and depression simultaneously, they will require your patience. It might be difficult for them to complete tasks that are simple for people without mental health concerns. You can ask them if there is anything you can do to help. Encourage healthy sleep and eating habits, too.

Checking in on them regularly is also beneficial. Work to create a compassionate environment that empowers your loved one to share their thoughts and feelings without fear of judgment. Remind them that you love and care for them.

Also, understand that mental health conditions are bigger than you. While you can help, it’s unlikely that you can “cure” them entirely. Don’t put that pressure on yourself. Instead, enlist the help of a mental health professional. They are experts on depression and anxiety and can provide treatment that will help your loved one heal.